Category Archives: Digital Home & Personal Tech

Are Our Gadgets Killing Us?

Consumer technology is increasingly associated with sinister consequences.

Health scares associated with microwave ovens are a footnote in the history of home electronics. And most people don’t worry anymore about cellphones causing brain tumors. But today we have cellphones being implicated in traffic fatalities and commuter rail crashes. The Internet is blamed for undermining our brains.  And electronic gadgets are said to addict us, weaken our ability to focus, and undermine family life.

Not only is consumer technology taking a toll on us, but recent news out of China suggests that it’s killing the people who make it. A story in the New York Times today opened with a profile Ma Xiangqian, the first of 13 people to commit or attempt suicide this year at Foxconn Technology, a China-based manufacturer of consumer electronics for global companies like Apple, Dell and Hewlett-Packard. We need our gadgets and we need them cheap: Before his death, Mr. Ma had worked three times the legal number of hours at the equivalent of $1 an hour.

You don’t need to believe that consumer electronics are an unalloyed evil to question whether something is out of balance here.

In my family, we have a quirky resistance to consumer tech. Our Manhattan home has a kind of neo-Amish ethos, lacking microwave oven, cable TV, video games or even a toaster. (We do have computers and broadband Internet access, though, as well as high-end but basic kitchen appliances.) Before bringing a gadget into our lives I always ask how it will increase the quality of our lives. And whether the benefit outweights the cost, the space, the complexity, and a potential future as toxic e-waste.

Our lifestyle is not for everyone. But I suspect net global human welfare might be a little higher if people bought fewer gizmos. What do you think?

The Dark Lining of Cloud Computing: A Response to Jonathan Zittrain

In his New York Times Op-Ed today, Jonathan Zittrain raises valid concerns about the risks to users of cloud-based computing services, including betrayal, lock-in and limited privacy protections. And his recommendations for addressing those weaknesses are sound. “But,” he writes, “the most difficult challenge–both to grasp and to solve–of the cloud is its effect on our freedom to innovate.”

Image representing Facebook as depicted in Cru...
Image via CrunchBase

Are Facebook and the iPhone platforms that will cripple innovation with the restrictions they impose on developers? To a degree the limits to innovation Zittrain cites are real; but innovation is but one value offered by those companies, which are as much marketing channels as they are platforms. Low-cost marketing is another. And what Apple and Facebook may limit in the former dimension, they may compensate for–at least in the minds of some developers–in the other.

Zittrain’s idea that the “legacy of the personal computer is that anyone can write code for it and give or sell that code to you” is true, but it doesn’t reckon that today many businesses see marketing challenges at least as compelling as technological ones. With consumer technology prices on a relentlessly downward march, business models depend on mass distribution. Low-cost marketing is essential and many are willing to trade away some freedom to innovate for cheaper marketing.

A company that seeks to play a leadership role as a platform provider will need to innovate and foster innovation among its partners and developers, or else it will become irrelevant over time. As Annabelle Gawer and Michael Cusumano wrote in “Platform Leadership,” their study of the platform phenomenon at companies such as Intel, Microsoft and Cisco in the technology industry, “Platform leaders and complementary innovators have great incentives to cooperate … because their combined efforts can increase the potential size of the pie for everyone.” (P.6)

In technology, too, there can be declining returns to innovation. At the dawn of the era of microprocessors, the focus of competition and innovation was on hardware architecture. The fact that in the PC world competition narrowed to a small handful of hardware players may have slowed innovation (this is debatable) but it allowed those players to achieve economies of scale and allowed the rest of the ecosystem to enjoy the benefits of a near-commodity platform. Competition-driven innovation moved up the stack to software.

Competition was fierce on the lower level of the software stack–the operating system–until things settled down, competitors largely fell away and the market consolidated to a handful of players. Competition and innovation once again moved up the stack to applications.

Google’s announcement that it intends to release a general-purpose operating system isn’t so much an attempt to compete in the operating system market but rather to seal the fate of operating systems as a commodity, and shift the focus of innovation to the cloud, where it hopes to become a platform leader. It and the others will only succeed, however, if they foster enough innovation to grow the markets they are playing in.

Should the market leaders act as a drag on innovation, new arrivals will surely emerge with innovations that will lead the market forward.

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Apple Defying the Conventional Wisdom

Apple’s recent strong earnings announcement (see New York Times coverage), in the midst of a giant recession, one where Microsoft reported declining revenue for the first time in its history as a public company and where declining technology sales are expected by analysts, prompted me to reflect on some of the ways in which Apple has defied the conventional wisdom with the strategies it has pursued and the results it has achieved.

Here are a few examples.

Conventional Wisdom

Apple

Computer technology inevitably becomes a commodity

Since its launch 25 years ago, the Mac has maintained its differentiation from PCs and has commanded a price premium

Consumer demand customizability and configurability

Non-replaceable batteries, limits on ports and connectors, in a packages that consumers love

Moore’s law is the dominant force in the tech industry

The law of elegance and cool is just as important

Leave retailing to retailers, lest you get caught in a costly distraction (sorry Gateway)

Distinctive retail outlets harness the passions of brand loyalists and the unique Apple aesthetic and ethos to deepen customer relationships (and great great photo ops during product launches)

Innovation requires openness

Apple is secretive and its platforms tend toward being closed, but it continues to set the standard for innovation in its field

Can you think of other examples where Apple flies in the face of the CW?

Giant Blob of Printer

Remember the good old days when you could plug a random printer into into a random PC and, using some generic printer driver, you could print fine? (Or was that just me being lucky?)

In the good old days, the printer was high tech, the software was minimal, and the vendors understood their place as silent providers of commodity functionality.

Not anymore. I just got a multi-function HP Officejet J6480 for the home. A fine device but, to run the thing you apparently need to install 255 MB of software. And the software is busy and in your face. It lurks as an icon in your notification area, menaces you with unsolicited information about how little ink you have left, and it’s busy checking for updates to itself. (It just twisted my arm into downloading a security patch.)

My printer thinks I want to have an ongoing dialog with it and HP, a “printing relationship.”

Wrong, guys. I just want to print. Can you please be quiet?

While I’m at it, remember these:

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Leopard: The Art of Balance

Mossberg’s review of Leopard, Apple’s new operating system version, is in today’s Wall Street Journal.

He highlights all of the features Apple emphasized to me in a demo this week, plus some results of his speed and compatibility tests. He pronounced it “an evolutionary, not revolutionary, release” and “better and faster than Vista.”

One of the biggest challenges in product development, especially software development, is determining what features to include and what features to leave out. While Apple touts some 300 new features in Leopard, the execs I spoke with were especially proud of the company’s judgement about what to leave out of a product.

The features Apple is emphasizing in its in demonstrations fall into three main categories, which present an attractive, balanced meal to users:

- Aesthetics (and usability). Adding coverflow to the Finder is a prime example. Makes it more enjoyable to browse your files, and maybe easier too.
- Conscience. Time Machine, an attractive and simple backup facility; and networked parental controls are good examples of providing features that people -should- use but maybe don’t.
- Connectivity. Apple has added a number of features to exploit network effects and make your mac more valuable if your family and friends have them too, such as elegant video iChat.

Global availability of the product is set for 18:00 on Friday, beginning in New Zealand.

Cisco Acquires Scientific-Atlanta

Exciting news. The company says video is the bandwidth driver for service providers, and that IPTV is the future, a future of TV as we can barely imagine it today–more personalized, more flexible, more on-demand.

Company executives emphasize the large number of customers they have in common. This is often considered weakness in the strategic logic of such an aquisition, because it theoretically limits cross selling opportunities and may embolden large customers to insist on volume discounts.

But Cisco’s vision appears to be to create video solutions that are qualitatively superior to those that can be cobbled together from other component providers, ones that ought to excite consumer interest and should lead to a 22% CAGR for service-provider video revenues of 22% through 2009.

The Value of the ViPod

Mr. Parr notes:

Apple’s new iPod is not so much a video iPod, as it is an iPod that happens to play video. They’ve added a bigger screen and 50% more storage, and taken away a third of the size from their base iPod, making it an extremely attractive upgrade to a well-loved product.

Not many people are going to buy one of these to play videos, but plenty of people will buy them. In other words, video adds no value to the new iPod.

But consider the value to content owners and advertisers of an installed base of milions of Video-ready players held by consumers who are well accustomed to purchasing and downloading digital content.

This will accelerate the development of the video Web.

Next from Apple….

Jupiter has learned that Apple is already at work on the successor to the Nano, a subcutaneously implantable flash-based player to be called the “Femto.”

Sorry, I could neither resist nor wait until April Fools’ Day, when the femto might well be a reality.

Apple Store Works its Magic

I was in the Apple store down in SoHo this morning to tape an interview for the BBC in advance of the company’s earnings announcement today.

I know it’s been noted before, but the place is amazing. The company consistently delivers a virtuosic performance when it comes to customer experience–in its products, in its PR and advertising, and in the physical space of the store.

The store is in what is arguably one of Manhattan’s coolest neighborhoods, on a block surrounded by stores featuring prestigious brands. The space inside is airy and clean, brushed aluminum, natural wood and stainless steel, with a glass staircase leading up to a second level featuring a skylight, a small auditorium where the weary or gung-ho can take in a demo by an enthusiastic young pitchman or screen the latest Apple TV ads.

The background music is hip but not too hip to middle-aged ears. The products are all out on simple wooden tables, calling visitors to handle them. There’s even a table aimed at kids or parents shopping for kids, with iMacs running kid software and rubbery spheres instead of seats to sit on.

I’m afraid I contracted a case of “vendor glow” before my interview. Still, even at a remove of several hours, I will attest to the fact that Apple has brought the notion of user experience to new heights.

Let’s see how their earnings call goes. (Clients, check our fresh portable music device forecast for reference.) And everyone, feel free to join us for breakfast as my colleagues Michael and David (Card) chart the course of digital music.